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| compulsory heterosexuality ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
compulsory heterosexuality
Compulsory heterosexuality is the idea that female heterosexuality is both assumed and enforced by a patriarchal society. Heterosexuality is then viewed as the natural inclination or obligation by both sexes. Consequently, anyone who differs from the normalcy of heterosexuality is deemed deviant or abhorrent. Adrienne Rich popularized the term "compulsory heterosexuality" in her 1980 essay on ''Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence''. Rich argues that heterosexuality is a political institution which needs to be re-examined in order for women to escape disempowerment. Furthermore, she argues that much of feminist literature still functions under a compulsory heterosexual paradigm. The scholarly articles that emerge from feminist authors fail to recognize the institutions, such as marriage, that are regarded as normal are, in fact, socializations which we have internalized and reproduced in society. By regarding heterosexuality as a political institution, Rich examines the forces that have allowed compulsory heterosexuality to grow.
== Factors ==
Compulsory heterosexuality is reinforced throughout our daily lives by a multitude of social institutions: media, law, politics, literature, and religion, as regarded by Rich.
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